POSSIBILITIES AND CHALLENGES OF MUSIC THERAPY IN PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE AND COLLECTIVE MENTAL HEALTH: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF ITS INSERTION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE BRAZILIAN PSYCHIATRIC REFORM

Abstract

This work aimed to investigate the insertion of music therapy in the context of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. We sought to understand the challenges and possibilities of music therapy to overcome the biomedical paradigm and to function as a tool for psychosocial attention and collective mental health production. An integrative review of studies published between the years 2001 and 2018 was carried out, which focused on music therapy interventions in this context. Thirteen articles were selected, which were analyzed according to space or service of insertion of music therapy. It was verified that, within the psychiatric hospital, it is a challenge for music therapy to function as a deinstitutionalization tool. Even so, there are possibilities for non-target interventions in the biomedical model. In the context of the CAPS, there are openings for music therapy to relate to other professional nuclei, which brings the challenge of breaking the centrality of medical knowledge and articulating the specific knowledge of the area in this context. Another possibility was the creation of musical groups, which incorporated an aesthetic dimension to the therapeutic interventions, allowing a real social insertion of the users. It was also verified the insertion of music therapy in the community, as a strategy to promote mental health. It is concluded that the insertion of Music Therapy in the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform happens in several ways, and is accompanied by several challenges for its expansion.