Autism Spectrum Disorder - ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder with impairments in the social and communicative areas, existence of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. There is an atypical sensory functioning influencing the musical behavior of these children, observed mainly in the Music Therapy clinic. The objective of this research is to understand the characteristics of musical behavior that differentiate a child who developed musical skills during Music Therapy sessions from those who did not develop them in the same period, through a qualitative, descriptive and documentary study. The research considered patients who developed musical skills throughout the music therapy process of melodic lines memorization and musical improvisation, as well as the use of musical stimuli with a musical aesthetic objective. For the group of patients with ASD who did not develop musical skills, we considered those who, during the music therapy process, used musical stimuli as a resource for sensory modulation, enabling the achievement of therapeutic goals related to communication. It was found that the clinical observation of the music therapist, based on the neurological responses to the musical stimulus, is of fundamental importance for an adequate assessment and identification of aspects related to the development of musical skills.
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